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Bill of Sale by State — All 50 US States

Requirements vary significantly by state: some require notarization, others have unique DMV forms, and tax rates range from 0% to over 10%. Select your state for state-specific requirements, a free PDF generator, and a how-to-fill-out guide.

Key findings — 50-state review

  • 42 of 50 states require a bill of sale for a private vehicle sale.
  • Only 6 of 50 states require a notary at transfer (Kentucky, Louisiana, North Carolina, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania), and in most of them the notary applies to the title assignment, not the bill of sale itself. North Dakota and West Virginia add notary rules only in specific situations — see the notarization box below.
  • No state requires witness signatures on a vehicle bill of sale.
  • Title-transfer deadlines range from 2 days (Wisconsin) to 180 days (New York); the median is 30 days, and 9 states allow 15 days or less.

Requirements reviewed against state DMV/DOR sources; most recent source re-check July 2026. Each state page lists its sources.

Cite this page: BillOfSale.app, “Bill of Sale by State — All 50 US States,” https://billofsale.app/states#key-findings.

Notarization

Most states never require a notary for a private vehicle sale. The exceptions are narrower than commonly listed, and several attach to the title rather than the bill of sale:

North Dakota (its official form is notarized) · Louisiana (notarized title assignment or bill of sale) · West Virginia (only when the price is well below book value) · Kentucky, North Carolina, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania (title assignment, not the bill of sale)

Montana is often listed as a notary state and is not one. Check your state page below.

No Sales Tax

Five states charge no general sales tax on vehicle purchases:

Alaska, Delaware, Montana, New Hampshire, Oregon

Official DMV Forms

Some states have official bill of sale forms required or strongly preferred by their DMV. Our state pages link to these alongside our generator.

Compare All 50 States

The core requirements side by side. Open a state page for tax rates, official forms, and the sources each row was checked against.

StateBill of SaleNotaryWitnessesTitle Transfer Deadline
Alabama RequiredNone required†20 days
AlaskaRecommendedNone required†30 days
Arizona RequiredNone required†15 days
Arkansas RequiredNone required†60 days
California RequiredNone required†10 days
Colorado RequiredNone required†60 days
Connecticut RequiredNone required†30 days
Delaware RequiredNone required†30 days
Florida RequiredNone required†30 days
GeorgiaRecommendedNone required†30 days
Hawaii RequiredNone required†30 days
Idaho RequiredNone required†30 days
Illinois RequiredNone required†20 days
Indiana RequiredNone required†45 days
Iowa RequiredNone required†30 days
Kansas RequiredNone required†60 days
Kentucky Required Required*None required†15 days
Louisiana Required Required*None required†40 days
Maine RequiredNone required†30 days
Maryland RequiredNone required†60 days
Massachusetts RequiredNone required†10 days
Michigan RequiredNone required†15 days
Minnesota RequiredNone required†10 days
Mississippi RequiredNone required†30 days
Missouri RequiredNone required†30 days
Montana RequiredNone required†40 days
Nebraska RequiredNone required†30 days
Nevada RequiredNone required†30 days
New Hampshire RequiredNone required†30 days
New Jersey RequiredNone required†10 days
New Mexico RequiredNone required†30 days
New York RequiredNone required†180 days
North CarolinaRecommended Required*None required†28 days
North Dakota RequiredNone required†30 days
OhioRecommended Required*None required†30 days
Oklahoma Required Required*None required†30 days
Oregon RequiredNone required†30 days
Pennsylvania Required Required*None required†20 days
Rhode Island RequiredNone required†30 days
South Carolina RequiredNone required†45 days
South Dakota RequiredNone required†45 days
Tennessee RequiredNone required†30 days
TexasRecommendedNone required†30 days
Utah RequiredNone required†60 days
Vermont RequiredNone required†60 days
VirginiaRecommendedNone required†30 days
Washington RequiredNone required†15 days
West Virginia RequiredNone required†30 days
WisconsinRecommendedNone required†2 days
WyomingRecommendedNone required†60 days

*In most notary states the requirement is on the title assignment, not the bill of sale. See the state page for the exact rule.

†No US state requires witnesses for a standard vehicle bill of sale.

What Varies by State

Notarization Requirements

Most states do not require a notarized bill of sale for a private vehicle transfer, and the exceptions are narrower than the lists circulating online suggest. In North Dakota the official state bill of sale form is itself a notarized document. Louisiana accepts either a notarized title assignment or a notarized bill of sale. West Virginia requires a notarized bill of sale only when the sale price falls well below book value. In Kentucky, North Carolina, Ohio, Oklahoma and Pennsylvania the notarization attaches to the title assignment rather than to a separate bill of sale — and Ohio publishes no official bill of sale form at all. Montana, widely listed as a notary state, requires none for an ordinary private sale. Because these rules change and vary by transaction, confirm the current requirement on your state page below or with your state agency. Where notarization is optional, it still verifies both parties’ identities and witnesses the signatures, which can help if a sale is later disputed.

Title Transfer Deadlines

After a private vehicle sale, the buyer must transfer the title into their name within a set number of days. Deadlines range from 2 days (Wisconsin) to 180 days (New York); the median across all 50 states is 30 days. Missing the deadline typically results in a late fee, but in some states it can also void the purchase or cause liability issues if the previous owner receives traffic violations in the interim.

Sales Tax Rates

Sales tax on vehicle purchases varies widely. Five states — Alaska, Delaware, Montana, New Hampshire, and Oregon — have no state sales tax. Others range from around 3% (Colorado) to over 8% (some California counties with local add-ons). Some states also distinguish between trade-ins, gifts, and private sales for tax purposes.

Additional State Forms

Some states have their own official DMV bill of sale forms that are required or preferred in addition to — or instead of — a generic bill of sale. Examples include Ohio (BMV 3774), North Carolina (MVR-1), and Michigan (TR-11L). Our state pages link to these official forms alongside our generator.

Odometer Disclosure

Federal law (the Truth in Mileage Act) requires an odometer disclosure statement for all vehicle transfers involving vehicles under 20 model years old. Many states print this directly on the vehicle title; our bill of sale generator includes it as a built-in section regardless of state.

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